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Przewalski's horse
Przewalski's horse (pronounced or ;〔http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/przewalski's+horse Dictionary.reference.com〕 Khalkha (モンゴル語:тахь), takhi; Ak Kaba Tuvan: [] dagy; Polish: (:pʂɛˈvalskʲi); ''Equus ferus przewalskii'')〔 or Dzungarian horse, is a rare and endangered subspecies of wild horse (''Equus ferus'') native to the steppes of central Asia.〔 At one time extinct in the wild (in Mongolia, the last wild Przewalski's horses had been seen in 1966), it has been reintroduced to its native habitat in Mongolia at the Khustain Nuruu National Park, Takhin Tal Nature Reserve, and Khomiin Tal.〔 The taxonomic position is still debated, and some taxonomists treat Przewalski's horse as a species, ''Equus przewalskii''.
Common names for this equine include ''Asian wild horse'', ''Przewalski's wild horse'', ''Mongolian wild horse'', and ''takhi''.〔[http://www.nwf.org/Kids/Ranger-Rick/Animals/Mammals/Takhi-Horses.aspx National Wildlife Federation]〕 Historical but obsolete names include ''true tarpan''〔 and ''Mongolian tarpan''. The horse is named after the Russian geographer and explorer Nikolai Przhevalsky.
Most "wild" horses today, such as the American Mustang or the Australian Brumby, are actually feral horses descended from domesticated animals that escaped and adapted to life in the wild. In contrast, Przewalski's horse has never been domesticated and remains the only truly wild horse in the world today. Przewalski's horse is one of three known subspecies of ''Equus ferus'', the others being the domesticated horse ''Equus ferus caballus'', and the extinct tarpan ''Equus ferus ferus''. There are still a number of other wild equines, including three species of zebra and various subspecies of the African wild ass, onager (including the Mongolian wild ass), and kiang.
==Phylogeny==
Many believe that the Przewalski horse is the closest relative to the domestic horse, although there have been many debates on whether the Przewalski horse has a direct linkage to the domesticated horse. Studies of the DNA diversity within the Przewalski horses have been done to see how successful their reintroduction into the wild may be. Studies have shown through multidimensional scaling analyses that tight grouping occurs within most horse breeds, close grouping between related breeds, and far less grouping between mixed breeds. The Przewalski horse and the domesticated horse showed a close relationship through pairwise genetic distance and multidimensional scaling analyses showing that the Przewalski horse is very closely related to the domesticated horse.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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